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来源：大众彩票官方网站2023-08-22 17:48

中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

　　资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

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康复期怎样避免心肌损伤？这5点不能忽视→******

　　“新冠防治有问有答”

　　邀请权威专家

　　对新冠防治过程中的热点问题

　　进行答疑解惑

　　马上看看

　　今天有哪些问题吧↓↓

　　问：怎么判断自己是否患上了病毒性心肌炎？什么情况要去医院？

　　注意以下几种表现。

　　疑似出现病毒性心肌炎时，一般都会有胸痛、心悸、活动耐量减退的症状，比如说走走路、做做事情，就感觉到心悸、气喘，如果3周后症状还没有好转，需要及时就医。

　　医生通过心电图、心肌标志物、心脏彩超、心脏核磁共振等检查，会综合在一起来判定是否患上了病毒性心肌炎。

　　问：最近大家都在讨论病毒性心肌炎，听得我很焦虑，感染新冠后患上病毒性心肌炎的几率到底高不高？

　　发病率并不算太高。

　　首先，根据目前已有的临床病例，我们基本能够确定新冠病毒的确有可能会引发病毒性心肌炎。

　　病毒进入身体后，主要机理有2种，一种是病毒损伤了心肌，这其实只占比较小的一部分。而另一种情况是，人体感染病毒后，诱发了自身的免疫反应，产生对抗入侵病毒的抗体，但如果此时抗体出现“短路”，那么就会错误地攻击我们自身的心肌细胞，导致病毒性心肌炎的发生。在临床上，心肌炎属于危重疾病，猝死率很高，暴发性心肌炎死亡率达到20%~30%。

　　但不论是普通的心肌炎，或是由新冠病毒所导致的病毒性心肌炎，都属于相对罕见的疾病，发病率并不算高，大概每10万人每年会出现10~100例心肌炎患者。

　　实际上，绝大部分患者是在感染新冠病毒后，出现了心肌细胞受损，远远没有达到心肌炎的程度。

　　问：我“阳”了，康复期怎样避免心肌损伤？

　　做好这3点。

　　在抗原或核酸转阴后，不能一下子就“撒欢”了，想降低心肌炎及其他心脏并发症的风险，新冠感染后约3周需做好以下3点：

　　1.不要剧烈运动，不要过度劳累，尽量减缓工作节奏。

　　2.晚上不能熬夜，一定要早睡早起。

　　心脏是一个非常讲究昼夜节律的器官，它由交感神经、植物神经系统来支配整体运行。当你通宵达旦地熬夜后，哪怕睡足了8个小时，对心脏来讲，它的交感神经兴奋性也会增高，压力会增大，那么就可能导致恶性的心律失常。

　　3.充分补充营养。

　　充分补充维生素类、高蛋白类食物，还要注重摄入微量元素，比如钾、钠等电解质，对心脏都有好处。

　　问：我已经“阳康”了，多久后能锻炼？

　　4周后可以逐步恢复锻炼。