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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

　　资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

美国13所高中刻意推迟通知大学奖金资格 波及大批亚裔******

　　中新网1月19日电 据美国《世界日报》报道，位于美国弗吉尼亚州的至少13所高中被指刻意推迟告知学生关于在国家优秀奖学金计划中获得嘉奖的荣誉，以致大量学生在大学申请结束后才知晓结果，影响申请大学和奖学金机会，波及大量亚裔学生。州检察长杰森·米亚雷斯初步调查后，将此事件称为是对亚裔学生的恶意打压，并在日前发动了针对费尔法克斯郡所有公立学校系统的调查。

　　他在早前的记者会上谴责涉事高中，并称反对亚裔是美国唯一一个被“准许”的偏见。

　　目前被指控的学校大部分位于弗吉尼亚州的费尔法克斯郡，其中包括知名的公立学校汤玛斯杰弗逊高中。这些学校被指控未在大学申请开始前，告知学生在国家优秀奖学金计划中获得嘉奖的荣誉，致使他们无法在申请中获得更强的竞争力。

　　公开数据显示，汤玛斯杰弗逊高中有近66%的亚裔学生。米亚雷斯对媒体表示，这所高中所在的费尔法克斯郡早前以45万元雇用了一位“平等顾问”，希望达到所有学生都能公平获得机会的目标，哪怕会以部分学生遭受不公的待遇为代价。

　　国家优秀奖学金计划的设立是为颁发给在国家优秀奖学金计划资格考试PSAT中取得优异成绩的学生，在150万的高中生中仅有5万人能最终获奖。奖项能在未来帮助获奖人竞争奖学金、荣誉奖项和作为大学申请的“加分项”。根据其官网，如果学生获得奖学金，他们会在3月至6月期间收到通知。

　　米亚雷斯指出，延迟通知获奖资格的事件，反映了亚裔申请人在全美各地所受的歧视，目前最高法院也正在就大学录取中的“平权法案”的存废作出衡量。目前在进行的调查还包括查看涉事学校是否违反了弗吉尼亚州人权法案。

　　弗吉尼亚州州长杨京在表达对上述事件的担忧后，批评费尔法克斯郡学校校长使用纳税人的税款聘请平等顾问，并认为这个是一个系统性问题。但费尔法克斯郡学校主管米歇尔里德博士在1月9日指出，学生所申请的大学已被告知了他们所获奖项的情况。

　　作为美国最优秀的高中之一，汤玛斯杰弗逊高中在一年前也修改了招生标准，学校官员称此行为将“无一例外地为每个学生提供平等的结果”。

　　州检察长表示，在变化发生一年后，这所高中的亚裔录取率下降了近20%。(张筠)

　　（文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎）